Articles   Articles 1108. Wahlers, Wilhelm. "H.M. Submarine No. 1 (HOLLAND): Alte Kriegsschiffe- neu in Museen." Marineforium 3 (1984): 67-69. Wahlers discusses the research value of studying wrecks such as the Monitor. 1109. Wainwright, Richard. "Monitor-Merrimac -- Ericsson." United States Naval Institute Proceedings 53, no. 2 (February 1927): 198-203. PER V1.R43 The editors of United States Naval Institute asked Richard Wainwright of the Office of Naval Records and Library to respond to the letters of Clifford Millard. Wainwright discusses the battle, the controversy between S. D. Greene and J. Ericsson, the orders restricting the movement of the Monitor, the development of the turret, T. R. Timby, and C. P. Coles. The author explains that the "rotation of the gun platform is also an ancient device." 1110. Walker, Henry L. "CSS Virginia" United States Naval Institute Proceedings 78, no. 596 (October 1952): 1143. PER V1.R43 1111. Walsh, Tom. "Apache Serves Monitor Duty." Sealift (July 1987). Walsh outlines the 1987 expedition with photographs of the Apache and the Deep Drone. 1112. Walton, Harry. "The Monitor: History's Strangest Warship." Popular Science 178, no. 3 (March 1961): 72-76. This is a brief retelling of the Battle of Hampton Roads in Illustrated Classics style. 1113. Ware, W. H. "What I Saw of the First Battle of the Ironclads." Shipbuilder 2, no. 12 (May 1920): 4. PER DS501.R58 O Ware, an employee in the joiner department of the Newport News Shipyard and Drydock Company in Newport News, VA, recalls his short tour of duty with the Confederate James River Fleet. He briefly mentions the Battle of Hampton Roads. 1114. [Watson, Eugene Winslow]. "The Grave of the 'Monitor.'" Harper's Weekly 56, no. 2887 (20 April 1912): 24. This very brief article has interesting details on the loss of the Monitor. The illustration is the same as appeared in Harper's Weekly, January 24, 1863. 1115. Watts, Gordon P., Jr. "Baten som inte vill do!" Akuellte (17 November 1980): 20- 22. This is a history of the Monitor in Swedish. 1116. Watts, Gordon P., Jr. "A Decade of Research: Investigation of the USS Monitor in The Underwater Archaeology Proceedings from the Society for Historical Archaeology Conference, Savannah, Georgia, 1987, edited by Alan B. Albright, 128-39. Pleasant Hill, CA: The Society, 1987. CC77.U5C65 1987 This article is one of the best explanations of how the ironclad was located, her historical significance, and the subsequent efforts to explore, protect, conserve, and manage the site and recovered artifacts such as the anchor. Watts mentions the relevant organizations such as NOAA, the Harbor Branch Foundation, Inc., Duke University, the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and the North Carolina Division of Archives and History. He also notes the important research vessels: Eastward, Alcoa Seaprobe, Calypso, and Johnson. Watts concludes with recommendations for the future. There is a well-selected set of photos and illustrations and a list of twenty-six sources. 1117. Watts, Gordon P., Jr. "Deep-Water Archaeological Investigation and Site Testing in the Monitor National Marine Sanctuary." Journal of Field Archaeology 12, no. 3 (fall 1985): 315-32. This article is a good follow-up report to the Watts article below ("The Location and Identification of the Ironclad USS Monitor). The major sections and their components are: Introduction, Protection and Management, Project Background, Delivery of Life Support Systems, Description of the Work, Findings and Observations, and Conclusions (Archaeological Data, Engineering Data, Conservation, Operations, and General Observations). All of major participants are mentioned (NOAA, the state of North Carolina, and the Harbor Branch Foundation, Inc.). Also discussed are artifacts like the mustard bottle, jars, and the turret. The article has seventeen footnotes. Finally, it includes location maps, photos of artifacts and the wreck, and the detailed drawings of Joan Porter Jannaman. 1118. Watts, Gordon P., Jr. "The Location and Identification of the Ironclad USS Monitor." International Journal of Nautical Archaeology and Underwater Exploration 4, no. 2 (1975): 301-39. A landmark effort on the Monitor, the article includes a history of the ship and description of the battle, sinking, and discovery of the wreck. The role of key personnel such as John Newton, Harold Edgerton, and Robert Sheridan is explained. The contribution of the National Geographic Society, NOAA, and the North Carolina Deptartment of Cultural Resources is examined as well. The author has included a bibliography, drawings, and a revealing selection of maps and photographs. 1119. Watts, Gordon P., Jr. "De Monitor Gelokaliseerd." Spiegel Historiael [Netherlands] 10, no. 12 (1975): 684-91. Watts provides a Dutch audience with an overview of the first few expeditions to locate and explore the wreck of the Monitor. The article has a bibliography and illustrations. 1120. Watts, Gordon P., Jr. "The Monitor is No More." Cheesebox 1, no. 1 (December 1982): 4-5. This is a discussion of the sinking of the Monitor. Watts gives the exact location of the sinking and the roles played by Francis B. Butts, J. P. Bankhead, and the crew of the Rhode Island. There is a unique illustration that projects how the Monitor may have turned upside down during sinking. 1121. Watts, Gordon P., Jr. "On-site Expedition Scheduled for August-September, 983." Cheesebox 2, no. 1 (June 1983): 1, 3. PER CC1.C44 This article discusses current research projects directed by E. M. Miller, E. W. Peterkin, and Bruce Muga of Duke University with the assistance of NOAA and East Carolina University. The vessels mentioned in upcoming expeditions are the Johnson and R/V Seahawk. 1122. Watts, Gordon P., Jr. "Search for the Monitor." Brunswick County Historical Society Newsletter 14, no. 3 (August 1974). Watts focuses mainly on the 1973 expedition, but provides an addendum on the 1974 expedition. 1123. Watts, Gordon P., Jr. "The Search for the Monitor." Tar Heel Junior Historian (September 1974). Watts provides a younger audience with the results of the 1973 and 1974 expeditions. 1124. Watts, Gordon P., Jr. "Systematic Planning and Sophisticated Technology: An Approach to Management of the Nation's First Marine Sanctuary." In Underwater Archaeology: The Proceedings of the Eleventh Conference on Underwater Archaeology, edited by Calvin R. Cummings, 45-52. San Marino, CA: Fathom Eight, 1982. CC77.U5C65 1125. Weare, Carol. "Saving Shipwrecks: An Underwater Imbroglio." Place 3, no. 2 (December 1983). There is brief mention of the Monitor. 1126. Webber, John. "The Monitor and the Merrimac." The Collector 25 (October 1912): 116-17. A letter dated a few days after the battle. 1127. Weeks, Grenville Mellen. "The Last Cruise of the Monitor." Atlantic Monthly 11 (March 1863): 366-72. Written by a Monitor crew member "new to the sea," who remarks that "every child knows her early story." The author overplays some episodes of the ship's brief history, particularly the last week of December. Also one may question some of the quotes attributed to the officers and the crew just before the sinking of the ironclad. 1128. Wegner, Dana M. "Ericsson's High Priest." Civil War Times Illustrated 13, no. 10 (February 1975): 26-34. Wegner discusses A. C. Stimers's role and the construction of monitors. 1129. Wheeler, Francis B. "Building of the Monitor." Magazine of American History 13, no. 1 (January-June 1885): 59-65. PER E171. M34 Outlines John Ericsson's quest to have the Monitor built. Notables mentioned are C. S. Bushnell, John F. Winslow, John A. Griswold, Abraham Lincoln, and the ironclad review board (Joseph Smith, Hiram Paulding, and Charles H. Davis). There are some questionable "quotes." 1130. White, David Fairbank. "125 Years After Her Famous Battle At Sea: Can We Salvage the Monitor?" Parade, 20 December 1987: 16-17. A short discussion about the estimated costs of raising and restoring the Monitor. Examines the efforts of organizations such as NOAA, The Mariners' Museum, the USN, and the National Foundation of Maritime Conservation to preserve the vessel and recovered artifacts. 1131. White, Gwen. "Panel Recommends National Monitor Museum for Dare," Daily Advance [Elizabeth City, NC], 20 February 1986. This headline story explains the National Marine Science Council's recommendation that efforts be made to house the "principal museum" in eastern North Carolina. Dan Ashe, a member of the staff of U.S. Rep. Walter B. Jones (D-NC), remarked that the city of Portsmouth, VA, offered the most competition. Rhett B. White, director of the Marine Resources Center on Roanoke Island, envisioned the turret on display in a 75,000-gallon saltwater aquarium. 1132. "William C. Geer's Father Fought on Monitor Sixty Years Ago Yesterday," Troy Record [NY], 10 March 1922. Outlines the contribution of three sons of Troy to the development and lore of the Monitor. The role of John A. Griswold and John F. Winslow as financial backers and industrialists is explained. It is also noted that George S. Geer, a Trojan, was a fireman on the ironclad. The article features a photo of Geer in uniform that shows a hatband with the word "Monitor." 1133. Willis, Alan. "An 'Epic Quest' Finds a New Home," Winston-Salem Sentinel [NC], 27 January 1978. This important and revealing article discusses John Newton's efforts to locate the Monitor before the summer of 1973; Monitor Research and Recovery Foundation, Inc.'s move to Norfolk; and the personality of Newton. 1134. Willis, Virgil. "Dare County Joins Museum Project." Hatteras Monitor 5, no. 3 (April 1990). PER F262.096H38 In 1986, the Hatteras Village Civic Association began its quest to become the "principal museum." Although The Mariners' Museum earned that status, the North Carolina group worked with other civic and government agencies to establish the Graveyard of the Atlantic Museum Committee for the feasibility and design development plan. 1135. "Wilmington Wants Monitor, if Raised," Ledger-Star [Norfolk, VA], 14 December 1977. James D. Safford of the Greater Wilmington [NC] Chamber of Commerce urges the Monitor Research and Recovery Foundation, Inc., to select that city for the foundation's headquarters. 1136. Wilson, Ben, et al. "The Monitor, Sleeping Giant." Sport Diver (1st quarter 1978): 122-27. This is a discussion of the 1977 expedition. 1137. Wilson, Bob. "Finding the Ironclad Monitor after 111 Years." Marine Technology Society Journal 8, no. 10 (December 1974): 3-8. TC1501.J68 Wilson offers details on locating and exploring the wreck from the Eastward and the Seaprobe and discusses, the sinking, rather overly dramatically at times. Includes an artist's composite drawing of the site, a contemporary drawing of the Monitor, a chart showing location of the wreck, photos, quotes by G. P. Watts, and a discussion of the controversy of dredging near the wreck site (see remarks, Robert E. Sheridan's "Comment On 'Finding the Ironclad Monitor After 111 Years.'"). 1138. Wood, Ernie. "'Fate' Credited in Monitor Discovery," News & Observer [Raleigh, NC], 1 January 1975. John Newton discusses the discovery of the Monitor and his related article published in the National Geographic magazine. The piece also mentions the support provided by Duke University's Eastward, the National Geographic Society, and the seventy-two items dredged by Robert Sheridan that helped identify the Monitor. 1139. Wood, Ernie. "A History of Searches of Monitor," News & Observer [Raleigh, NC], 6 August 1973. The author recounts how Robert F. Marx, picnickers, the USN, airplane pilots, the USS Monitor Foundation, and the Underwater Archaeology Associates, Inc., have searched for and/or claimed to have located the Monitor. 1140. Wood, Ernie. "Monitor Research Approved," News & Observer [Raleigh, NC], 21 August 1976. The federal government has granted the Monitor Research and Recovery Foundation, Inc., permission to explore the Monitor, but the details have not been developed. John Newton explains the complexities involved with the project. 1141. Wood, John Taylor. "The First Fight of Iron-Clads." Century Illustrated Monthly Magazine 29 (March 1885): 738-54. PER AP2.S37 Wood served on the Virginia. He discusses in detail the transformation of the Merrimack to the Virginia and gives Brooke credit for the idea of the design of the Virginia. There is a list of officers and a description of the armament, the Battle of Hampton Roads, and the role of the Patrick Henry (ex-SS Yorktown) and Thomas Jefferson (ex-SS Jamestown). The images in this article include the Virginia in drydock and in battle with the Congress, Catesby Jones, Franklin Buchanan, Josiah Tattnall, Wood, a map of Hampton Roads, George U. Morris of the Cumberland, G. J. Van Brunt of the Minnesota, and Joseph B. Smith of the Congress. These engravings were reproduced in subsequent publications. Later reprinted in Battles and Leaders of the Civil War 1, 692-711. 1142. Wood, Sarah Jo. "Rescued Lantern May be Last Seen as Monitor Sank," News- Times [Morehead City-Beaufort, NC], 4 August 1977. The lost research camera and a red signal lantern were recovered during this latest Monitor expedition sponsored by the Harbor Branch Foundation, Inc., NOAA, and the Monitor Research and Recovery Foundation, Inc. Mentioned in the article are Harold Edgerton, John Newton, Floyd Childress of NOAA, and Dr. Charles Aquadro, formerly an employee of Jacques Cousteau. 1143. Wood, William H. "Monitor Salvagers Considering Norfolk," Ledger-Star [Norfolk, VA], 23 December 1977. The article focuses on the city of Norfolk's efforts to lure the Monitor Research and Recovery Foundation, Inc., from Beaufort, NC, to Virginia. John Newton is quoted. 1144. "Woodrow Wilson Criticized." Confederate Veteran 19, no. 12 (December 1911): 561. "This article is a reprint of an editorial that appeared in the Richmond Times- Dispatch criticizing Woodrow Wilson's History of the American People for claiming that the Monitor defeated the Virginia." The article features a response from then Gov. Wilson. 1145. Woods, Helen. "Timby the Forgotten." Harper's Weekly 55 (11 February 1911): 11, 26. An interesting piece that documents T. R. Timby's claim that he was the inventor of the "revolving tower," or turret. His claims date back to 1841 and are supported by Patent No. 36, 593 and royalty payments by the "Ericsson Syndicate" or "Battery Associates." The article explains how Ericsson would have observed Timby's invention. It has the illustrations from Harper's New Monthly Magazine (January 1863) and biographical background on Timby. John A. Griswold, John F. Winslow, and C. S. Bushnell are mentioned. 1146. "The Worden Testimonial." Harper's Weekly 6, no. 282 (24 May 1862): 323. PER AP2.H38 OO Worden's deeds are compared to those of Nelson at Trafalgar. 1147. "The Wreck of the 'Monitor.'" Harper's Weekly 7, no. 317 (24 January 1863). PER AP2.H38 OO The article recounts the loss of the ironclad and includes one of the most frequently reproduced engravings of the Monitor foundering with the Rhode Island in the background. Also, typical of the times, there is a poem that honors the ship and her crew. 1148. "WWII Depth Charge May Have Hit Monitor," Winston-Salem Journal [NC], 16 August 1979. Floyd Childress of NOAA speculates the U.S. Navy may have mistaken the ironclad's remains for a German submarine.